Nutritional risk, on the other hand, is more general, and involves determinants and risk factors that expose a person to quantitatively and/or qualitatively inadequate food intake which, if not interrupted, may lead to malnutrition. Most of the screening tools developed to date have focused, at least initially, on identifying the risk of malnutrition in a hospital setting. Malnutrition is considered to be a clinical disorder, and malnutrition risk is the term used to describe individuals in a clinical setting who present with indicators suggestive of malnutrition (e.g., very low food intake, weight loss, functional impairment). ĭifferences in the definitions of malnutrition risk and nutritional risk are elusive, despite a recent consensus on the definition of malnutrition. It can also form an essential part of service delivery. This type of research can contribute to the identification of health risks, effective treatment, and improved health outcomes. Nutritional risk screening among the elderly continues to be of growing interest. The identification of factors that increase nutritional risk among seniors can support the planning of ways to prevent nutritional problems in this age group. In addition, low to moderate physical activity was associated with higher nutritional risk. High nutritional risk was significantly more common among those who consumed alcohol, smoked tobacco, and had less than six hours or more than nine hours of sleep per day.

Men over 75 and seniors living in smaller towns have been shown to be at higher nutritional risk. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between identified nutritional risk levels and selected lifestyle characteristics. Cluster analysis with agglomeration technique was used to identify the association between categories of variables describing nutritional risk level, demographic characteristics, and lifestyle characteristics. The study was conducted from May to July 2021 in two regions. The snowball method was used to select the sample. The questionnaire was conducted among 320 Polish adults aged 60 and older. The SCREEN-14 (Seniors in the Community: Risk Evaluation for Eating and Nutrition) questionnaire was used to assess nutritional risk. The aim of this study was to assess the nutritional risk of Polish seniors in relation to the region of residence and selected lifestyle characteristics (alcohol consumption, smoking, sleep, physical activity). Elderly people living in the community are a population group at high nutritional risk.

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